A Mill. This is not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was probably built after 1858. By OS third edition this is shown as a much larger complex "Ford Mill (Lead)". However, Ward's trade directory for 1915-1916 still lists the Ford Mill as a flour mill run by John Hume and Son.

Within the City Farm complex is a surviving masonry structure which contains a relocated plaque reading "Northumberland Lead Works 1871". The site was formerly occupied by buildings including a flax mill and steam corn mill from the mid 18th century, shown on a plan by William Donkin dated 1767. Thomas Oliver's plan of 1830 shows a property owned by Thomas Coultherd, John Beckington's steam corn mill and the Northumberland Flax Spinning-Mill of Clarke, Plummer & Co. The Northumberland Lead Works, manufacturing white lead, was established in 1871 by John Ismay, initially occupying the existing Ouseburn Flax Mill buildings (by this time a new flax mill had been built to the south of this - see SMR 5161). In 1873 the works expanded northwards, replacing the Steam Corn Mill and The New Flax Mill public house. New brick corroding houses were built, in which sheets of lead were hung above pots of vinegar and left to oxidise. The resulting corrosion product - white lead - was then scraped off and ground and mixed with oil to form paint. Ismay & Co also used the white lead in their cosmetic and medicine business in the Groat Market. The company merged with James & Co. Ltd in 1884 an the combined firm operated until 1914. By 1903-4 at least part of the site was occupied by Elders Walker & Co. Ltd, paint manufacturers. By 1928 the lead works were known as Walker's Paint Works. It closed in the early 1960s. In c.1973 the City Council imported sterile topsoil onto the partially cleared site. A number of features associated with the flax mill and lead paint works survived this process, including a pair of massive sandstone wall bases, part of the engine house of the flax mill, which dates to around the 1820s, several19th century brick walls, a cobbled lane incorporating a number of millstones {3}. In June 2002 a programme of archaeological trial trenching and subsequent watching brief revealed well-preserved structural elements of the lead works and flax mill {4 and 5}.

West Heaton Brick Works. These are not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so probably built after 1858.

A Quarry with a smithy. This combination is not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so opened after 1858.

This was the Heaton Works of Charles A. Parsons, which were built in 1889 for the development and manufacture of steam turbines and high-speed electrical plant. At that time the works covered about two acres and consisted of a single workshop with small pattern shop, smithy, test house and office, manned by 48 staff. With a rising demand for turbo-generators, the works were soon enlarged. In 1894 Parsons established a separate organisation later to be known as The Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Co. Ltd. To apply the turbine to ship propulsion. Parsons built the first turbine-propelled ship "Turbinia". There was a public demonstration of the ship at the Naval Review at Spithead in June 1897 for Queen Victoria's Diamond Jubilee. Turbine propulsion was soon fully accepted by the admiralty and the steam turbine was adopted for all large power stations. Sir Charles Parsons died in 1931. By this time the Heaton Works had expanded to an area of 25 acres and employed 1800 people. By 1964 the company employed 8000 people {1}. built in 1889 for the development and manufacture of steam turbines and high speed electrical plant. At that time the works covered about 2 acres and consisted of a single workshop with small pattern shop, smithy, test house and office, manned by 48 staff. With a rising demand for turbo-generators, the works were soon enlarged. The machine and pattern shop were enlarged and a new stores and test building was erected in 1893. In 1894 Parsons established the ‘Parsons Marine Steam Turbine Co. Ltd’ to apply the turbine to marine propulsion. He went on to build the first steam turbine-propelled ship ‘Turbinia’ here. A brass foundry and searchlight reflector were built by 1912. By 1923, the Heaton Works covered 18 acres and employed 1200 men. At its height the company was the largest manufacturer in the UK and one of the largest in the world. The south elevation of the extremely large existing factory, built in 1947 is an interesting example of post-war industrial architecture, built in brick, steel and glass. Turbine production has continued on this site until 2002.

A Grease Manufactory which is not shown on the 1st edition OS mapping, so was opened after 1858.

Armstrong Bridge. Built between 1876 and 1878. Opened 1 May 1878. The bridge has 8 wrought iron girder spans, supported by 7 pairs of wrought iron columns with sandstone piers and abutments. Its unique feature is its use of rocker and sliding bearings, and separate girder support to compensate for possible mining subsidence and thermal distortion. It stands 65ft(20m) above Jesmond Dene and has a total length of 552ft(168m). Repairs were undertaken in the early 1980s and 1993/4, including replacement of the columns with steel replicas {2}. The Armstrong Bridge was opened on 30th April 1878 to replace the crossing of the Ouseburn via Benton Bank. The greater part of its cost was met by Lord (then Sir William) Armstrong, and he and his works at Elswick were responsible for its design and the construction of the ironwork {3}. Closed to motor traffic in 1963. Bridge over Ouseburn. 1875-78. By Sir William Armstrong and the Armstrong Works; built in consultation with the Town Improvement Committee and about £5,000 of the total £30,000 cost was provided by the town; presented to the town on completion. Wrought iron; rock-faced sandstone piers and abutments. 8 spans totalling 552 feet, from 30 to 65 feet high. Lattice girders rest on abutments and on 7 pairs of square box-section columns on stone piers. Girders and columns are on cast iron rocker bearings, and central column had sliding bearings, to allow for movement caused by mining subsidence and heat. Lattice iron parapets. Stone balustrades to abutments. Such articulated construction was next used in building footbridges over motorways. Historical note: Sir William Armstrong, later Lord Armstrong was a generous benefactor to Newcastle.
Source,: Michael Bussell of Ove Arup and Partners, in Tyne and Wear Industrial
Monuments Trust In Trust Issue No. 12, November, 1984. There was a toll house on the bridge which is shown on a postcard dated 1900. An article in the Newcastle Daily Chronicle 6 May 1878 on the opening of the bridge, states that 'the whole of the architectural features of the ironwork and abutments, and also the formation of the roads, are from designs by Mr Frank Rich, architect, New Grainger Street. That gentleman has given his constant and personal attention to the carrying out of the undertaking, which occupied from June 1876 to March of the present year: and no qualifying expression is needed in speaking of the very successful manner in which he has completed his task. Mr W.E. Jackson, the contractor, has executed the work very substantially'.

Staiths, near the mouth of the Ouseburn, which formed the eastern terminus of the Victoria Tunnel.

Road from Swalwell to Gateshead. On the 1st edition OS mapping it has Low Team Turnpike suggesting that it was a toll road. Its precise course is unclear at its western end.

This site was identified from a map label, 'Mills', which was taken to refer to the buildings to the west, however these are in fact the Woods (Stepney) Pottery (HER 5280). The label probably refers to the buildings to the east, shown on the OS 1896 1:500 town plan as the 'Northumberland Mills' (HER 5149 and HER 5161).