English, British
Class
Maritime Craft
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Rachel Grahame
CONDITION
Fair
Crossref
346
DAY1
04
DAY2
15
District
Sunderland
Easting
434300
EASTING2
344
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NW
MATERIAL
Timber
MONTH1
1
MONTH2
4
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NW 2
Northing
556630
NORTHING2
567
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Offerton
Description
A log-boat was found in 1888, at a depth of 2.1 m, in the bed of the River Wear at Offerton Haugh. Of oak, it was 3.5 m long, with "a flat bottom rising slightly at either end and tapering in plan and elevation. The broader end is rectangular in plan, the other rounded. A group of four holes near the sheer on the broader end are interpreted by McGrail as for thwartship strengthening. A rectangular hole on one side may have been for joining the vessel to another". It is reported to have contained human bones; stone implements "like chisels" and deer horns were said to have been found on the bottom of the stream near the same spot.
The Ordnance Survey 3rd edition 1:2500 map is marked 'Canoe, Human Remains &c. found A.D. 1888'. The find was reported in the Notes of Archaeologia Aeliana some time later in 1968. The canoe had been presented to Sunderland Museum in 1910 by the River Wear Commissioners, having been found in the bed of the River Wear at Hylton during the removal of the Brixons (Brigg Stones).
Site Type: Broad
Watercraft
SITEDESC
A log-boat was found in 1888, at a depth of 2.1 m, in the bed of the River Wear at Offerton Haugh. Of oak, it was 3.5 m long, with "a flat bottom rising slightly at either end and tapering in plan and elevation. The broader end is rectangular in plan, the other rounded. A group of four holes near the sheer on the broader end are interpreted by McGrail as for thwartship strengthening. A rectangular hole on one side may have been for joining the vessel to another". It is reported to have contained human bones; stone implements "like chisels" and deer horns were said to have been found on the bottom of the stream near the same spot.
The Ordnance Survey 3rd edition 1:2500 map is marked 'Canoe, Human Remains &c. found A.D. 1888'. The find was reported in the Notes of Archaeologia Aeliana some time later in 1968. The canoe had been presented to Sunderland Museum in 1910 by the River Wear Commissioners, having been found in the bed of the River Wear at Hylton during the removal of the Brixons (Brigg Stones).
Site Name
Offerton Haugh log-boat
Site Type: Specific
Watercraft
HER Number
340
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 340 >> Sunderland Public Library Circular, 1910, no. 45, IV, pp. 364-5; W Mitchell, 1919, History of Sunderland, p. 128; N R Whitcomb, 1968, Two Prehistoric Dugout Canoes from the River Wear at Hylton... Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, XLVI, pp. 297-301; S McGrail, 1978, Logboats of England and Wales, British Archaeological Report, No. 51, pp. 218-19, no. 68; R Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, pp. 56-7 no. 8, and fig. 18.8
SURVIVAL
60-79%
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
2024
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
02
DAY2
12
District
Gateshead
Easting
423200
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ25NW
MONTH1
1
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
559000
parish
Lamesley
General Period
UNCERTAIN
Specific Period
Uncertain
Place
Ravensworth
Description
A rectilinear ditched enclosure is visible on aerial photogrpahs, with what appear to be 3 internal circular structures, in a rough east-west line across the site. There may also be another smaller enclosure inside, and there is a possible trackway entering from the south and then splitting into 3 to approach these internal structures.
SITEASS
We need better APs to make a proper assessment. Write to RCHM to ask what they have.
Site Type: Broad
Enclosure
SITEDESC
Rectilinear ditched enclosure. MPP classification: Enclosure / Rectilinear / Symmetric / Rectangular / Not elongated ? / Straight sides 2 / Convex side 1 / Corners curved / Ditch 1 / Masked / Entrance ? / Internal features structural. There appear to be 3 internal circular structures, in a rough E-W line across the site. They may not be contemporary with the principal enclosure, there may be another smaller enclosure inside as well, and there is a possible trackway entering from the S and then splitting into 3 to approach these internal structures.
Site Name
Ravensworth, rectilinear enclosure
Site Type: Specific
Rectilinear Enclosure
HER Number
339
Form of Evidence
Cropmark
Sources
<< HER 339 >> Aerial Photograph, N. McCord,196?, Ravensworth, A/074315/13-15, 18; A/075247/30 -Museum of Antiquities
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 31, no. 1, and pl. 2.6
SURVIVAL
40-59%
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
01
DAY2
12
District
Gateshead
Easting
412200
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ15NW
MATERIAL
Slate
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
556900
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Neolithic -4,000 to -2,200
Place
Blackhall Mill
Description
A perforated stone axe-hammer of grey slate was found in the 1930s during house building. It is 224 mm long, 69 mm wide at the perforation and 84 mm at the blade, 93 mm thick, and the perforation is 34 mm. The upper and lower faces are slightly dished and the surface polished. A raised rib on the upper face runs from the perforation to the blade.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
A perforated stone axe-hammer was found in the 1930s during house building. Of greywacke slate, it is 224 mm long, 69 mm wide at the perforation and 84 mm at the blade, 93 mm thick, and the perforation is 34 mm. The upper and lower faces are slightly dished and the surface polished. A raised rib on the upper face runs from the perforation to the blade.
Site Name
Blackhall Mill, perforated axe-hammer
Site Type: Specific
Axe Hammer
HER Number
338
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 338 >> G. Jobey, 1972, Some local finds of Neolithic and Early Bronze Age stone implements, Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, L, pp. 292-3, and fig. 1.4
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 10, no. 2, fig. 1.2
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
01
DAY2
12
District
Gateshead
Easting
412600
EASTING2
1269
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ15NW
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 15 NW 17
Northing
558900
NORTHING2
5891
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Chopwell
Description
A tree-covered round barrow of earth and stones, 22.45 m in diam, 2.21 m high with what appears to be a surrounding ditch 0.20 m deep and bank, 1.10 m max. width and 0.20 m high.
SITEASS
Must decide which is the correct grid ref.
Site Type: Broad
Barrow
SITEDESC
Tree-covered round barrow of earth and stones, 22.45 m in diam, 2.21 m high. There appears to be a surrounding ditch 0.20 m deep and bank, 1.10 m max. width and 0.20 m high. The first grid ref and this description were given by Young in 1975, repeated in 1980 (1), (he classed the barrow as Group C, probable barrow from surface indications), and by the O.S. in 1976. In 1978 the O.S. altered the grid ref to the second above, and the dimensions to 15 m diam, 1.1 m high. F.1 added that there was a slight central hollow, and no ditch. In spite of this, and being planted with trees, he thought it was doubtfully ornamental and probably a barrow.
Site Name
Chopwell barrow
Site Type: Specific
Round Barrow
HER Number
337
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 337 >> R. Young, 1980, An Inventory of Barrows in Co. Durham, Transactions Architectectural & Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland, New series,Vol. 5, p. 5 no. 6
Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, ISS, 1978, Probable round barrow - ? surrounding ditch
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 10, no. 3
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
159,334,335
DAY1
01
DAY2
12
District
Sunderland
Easting
438300
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MATERIAL
Whinstone
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 SE 6
Northing
552900
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Silksworth
Description
In February, 1876, the small natural mound of sand and gravel, with a small barrow on top, called Steeple Hill, was removed. Inside it was a cist laid east-west, 4 feet long x 2.5 feet wide x less than 2.5 feet deep, constructed of 4 whin boulders, 2 on each side, and with end and cover stones of limestone. The cist contained "the skeleton of a man past middle life, laid in the contracted position…. Two 'food vessels' had been deposited close to the chest of the man", and in one was a cremation of a child under 12. One of the vessels was a bipartite vessel with shoulder groove and 5 unpierced lugs, and decorated with incised herring bone pattern, the other probably bipartite, and decorated with encircling and vertical cord lines. Both are lost. A second skeleton, of a woman past middle life, was found 3 feet west of the cist.
SITEASS
Steeple Hill can now only be located from 1st ed. O.S., and its NGR is approximately as indicated. Area is now covered by allotments: further discoveries are improbable if the whole mound/barrow was removed. No action required.
Site Type: Broad
Cist
SITEDESC
In February, 1876, the small natural mound of sand and gravel, with a small barrow on top, called Steeple Hill, was removed. A cist was discovered, laid E-W, 4 feet long x 2.5 feet wide x less than 2.5 feet deep, constructed of 4 whin boulders, 2 on each side, and of end and cover stones of limestone. It contained a contracted skeleton, and 2 Food Vessels, one of which held a cremation. Nearby was a second skeleton.
Site Name
Silksworth, Steeple Hill, cist in barrow
Site Type: Specific
Cist
HER Number
333
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 333 >> W. Greenwell, 1877, British Barrows, p. 441
Transactions Architectectural & Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland, 1890, A Prae-Historic Cist Burial at Sacriston, Vol. III (for 1880-9), p. 184
W. Page, ed. 1905, Early Man, Victoria County History, Durham, Vol. I, p. 208 r
W. Mitchell, 1919, History of Sunderland, p. 11
A.M. Gibson, 1978, Bronze Age Pottery in the North-East of England, British Archaeological Report, Vol. 56, p. 76
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 72 no. 10
R. Young, 1980, An Inventory of Barrows in Co. Durham, Transactions Architectectural & Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland, New series,Vol. 5, p. 13
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
154,332
DAY1
01
DAY2
12
District
Sunderland
Easting
439180
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 SE 9
Northing
554420
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Tunstall
Description
In the Summer of 1914, some workmen discovered a covered cist made from limestone flags on the northern side of the southern peak, about six feet from the base. On the floor were the fragments of three urns "of very rude and inelegant form, ornamented with zigzag", all of them containing a rich dark mould, in which were interspersed small fragments of bone and some human teeth, the remains of cremations.
Site Type: Broad
Burial
SITEDESC
"...in the Summer of 1814, some workmen discovered on the Northern side of the Southern Peak, about six feet from the base, a rude sepulchre, formed of common limestones, and covered with the same materials. On the floor were deposited the fragments of three urns...all of them containing a rich dark mould, in which were interspersed small fragments of bone, and some human teeth".(1)
Site Name
Tunstall Hills, cremations in urns
Site Type: Specific
Cremation Burial
SITE_STAT
Site of Special Scientific Interest
HER Number
331
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 331 >> R. Surtees, 1816, History of...Durham, Vol. I, p. 249
E. Mackenzie & M. Ross, 1834, View of the County Palatine of Durham, Vol. I, p. 338
W. Greenwell, 1877, British Barrows, p. 440
Transactions Architectectural & Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland, 1890, A Prae-Historic Cist Burial at Sacriston, Vol. III, p. 184
W. Page, ed. 1905, Early Man, Victoria County History, Durham, Vol. I, p. 208
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 71 no. 7.1
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
6
DAY1
01
DAY2
12
District
Sunderland
Easting
431000
EASTING2
310
Grid ref figure
4
HEIGHT_OD
65
Map Sheet
NZ35NW
MATERIAL
Flint
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NW 7
Northing
556000
NORTHING2
580
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Mesolithic -10,000 to -4,000
Place
Washington
Description
Microlith found at Washington. There is no further information on the appearance of the tool or the authenticity of the record.
SITEASS
Check if it exists, and get an accession no.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
"Microlith found at Washington. No further information". The second grid ref above is Young's. He tried to get further information from the Dorman Museum but failed.
Site Name
Washington, flint microlith
Site Type: Specific
Microlith
HER Number
330
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 330 >> J.J. Wymer, ed. 1977, Gazetteer of Mesolithic Sites in England and Wales, CBA Research Report, p. 87
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 57, no. 11
R. Young, 1987, Lithics and Subsistence in North-Eastern England, British Archaeological Report, British Series, Vol. 161, p. 191, F64
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
01
DAY2
12
District
Sunderland
Easting
430200
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35NW
MATERIAL
Flint
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
559400
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Neolithic -4,000 to -2,200
Place
Washington
Description
A grey flint dagger surviving up to 163 mm long and 32 mm wide, but with the tip missing. Discovered while making a golf course in 1977. Similar daggers are unknown in Britain and it has ben suggested that the find may be a Danish flint dagger, brought across to England quite recently and then lost.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
"Grey flint dagger. Max. surviving length 163 mm, width 32 mm, thickness 7 mm (blade), 15 mm (hilt). The tip is missing and the original cortex on the pommel is worn. Discovered while making a golf course in 1977". Young wrote, "It has proved impossible to find close parallels in Britain and D.D.A.Simpson suggests that the find may be a Danish flint dagger, brought across to England quite recently and then lost".
Site Name
Washington, flint dagger
Site Type: Specific
Dagger
HER Number
329
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 329 >> Sunderland Echo, 1977 - 17.vi.1977
R.Miket 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 56 no. 6, fig. 18.6
R.Young, 1987, Lithics and Subsistence in North-Eastern England, British Archaeological Report, British Series, Vol. 161, p. 220, Fig. IV.59, no. 4, F114
SURVIVAL
80-90%
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
27
DAY2
12
District
Sunderland
Easting
430200
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35NW
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
559200
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Iron Age -800 to 43
Place
Great Usworth
Description
Rectilinear ditched enclosure with possible hut circles fainly visible on aerial photographs
SITEASS
This site was recommended for scheduling by George Jobey, and again by Barbara Harbottle. DoE AMI lost the file and - I think - the site went under Washington golf course. Did this lead to total destruction? Check APs and site.
Site Type: Broad
Enclosure
SITEDESC
Rectilinear ditched enclosure MPP classification: Enclosure / Rectilinear / Symmetric / Rectangular / Not elongated / Corners curved / Straight sides 3 / Convex side 1 / Ditch 1 / Complete / Internal features (Structural if the apparent faint hut circles are real) / Entrance no
Site Name
Great Usworth rectilinear enclosure
Site Type: Specific
Rectilinear Enclosure
HER Number
328
Form of Evidence
Cropmark
Sources
<< HER 328 >> Aerial Photograph, N. McCord, Follingsby, A/083290/22, 083715/23-26 - Museum of Antiquities
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 56 no. 3, pl. 5.4
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Industrial
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
323
DAY1
27
DAY2
12
District
Sunderland
Easting
432600
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35SW
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
2
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
550600
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Newbottle
Description
There is record of a mill at Newbottle in Boldon Buke (a 1183 survey of land belonging to the Bishop of Durham, Hugh du Puiset) . In 1307 the rent of the mill was 4 - 6s - 8d, and 34s - 4d was paid for building a new one. Though the type of mill was never stated in the medieval documents, in the 17th century it was explicitly said to be a "Water Corne Mill commonly called Newbottle Milne at Newbottle together with the damm of water and suite and suchen...". The location of the mill is uncertain, but a possible site is that of Sedgeletch Mill shown on the 1st edition Ordnance Survey plan (c.1860).
SITEASS
First visit the suggested site(s) and see if anything, of any period, exists.
Site Type: Broad
Power Generation Site
SITEDESC
There is record of a mill at Newbottle in Boldon Buke (a 1183 survey of land belonging to the Bishop of Durham, Hugh du Puiset) . In 1307 the rent of the mill was 4 - 6s - 8d, and 34s - 4d was paid for building a new one. Temp. Bishop Hatfield's Survey the tenants paid 4 - 6s - 8d for half the mill. Though the type of mill was never stated in the medieval documents, in the C17 Survey it was explicitly said to be a "Water Corne Mill commonly called Newbottle Milne at Newbottle together with the damm of water and suite and suchen...". The location of the mill cannot be certain, but a possible site is that of Sedgeletch Mill (corn), with mill dam and race, shown on the 1st ed. O.S. 6" map. The above grid reference is a guess at its position on the Moor Burn, which flows N, and then W into the Lumley Park Burn and so to the River Wear. That map also shows a flint mill with dam near the present sewage works at NZ 330 504. Dated C12th.
Site Name
Newbottle mill
Site Type: Specific
Watermill
HER Number
327
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 327 >> W. Greenwell, ed. 1852, Boldon Buke, Surtees Society, 25, pp. 48, xxv, xxxvii; W. Greenwell, ed. 1856, Bishop Hatfield's Survey, Surtees Society,56, p.; D.A. Kirby, ed. 1972, Parliamentary Surveys of the Bishopric of Durham, Surtees Society, II 185, p. 158; Pre-Construct Archaeology, 2022, Land north of Mulberry Way, Houghton-le-Spring, Tyne and Wear: an archaeological desk-based assessment
YEAR1
1990
YEAR2
1996