A stone coffin was discovered in 1790 about five feet from the surface, covered by a large flat stone with no inscription on it. The complete skeleton within the coffin, or cist, mouldered to dust on being exposed to the air.
SITEASS
Miket obviously thought it was likely to be prehistoric.
Site Type: Broad
Burial
SITEDESC
"Here is a quarry of excellent stone, in which the workmen, in 1790, discovered a stone coffin. It was about five feet from the surface, was walled around, and covered by a large flat stone. The skeleton within it appeared very perfect, but mouldered to dust on being exposed to the air".(1) Richardson added that the discovery was made in May, and that the cover stone had no inscription on it.
Site Name
Billy Mill, inhumation
Site Type: Specific
Inhumation
HER Number
491
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 491 >> E. Mackenzie, 1825, View of Northumberland, Vol. 2, p. 460
M.A. Richardson, 1842, The Local Historian's Table Book: Historical Division Vol. II, p. 333
H.H.E. Craster, ed. 1907, Chirton Township, Northumberland County History, Vol. VIII, p. 316
SURVIVAL
None
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
01
DAY2
27
District
S Tyneside
Easting
434000
Grid ref figure
4
Map Sheet
NZ36NW
MATERIAL
Flint
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
10
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 36 NE 1
Northing
565000
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Neolithic -4,000 to -2,200
Place
Jarrow
Description
Two flint axes, one 7.25 in x 3.5 in at the broadest part and of a deep red-brown colour, the other 5.25 in x 2.25 in and white, were found in 1860 in alluvial soil at the estuary of the Don near Jarrow during the construction of Tyne Dock. It was suggested that they had come in ballast. Both are now lost.
SITEASS
Note the OS located these finds on the wrong map. Jarrow Slake is on NZ 36 NW
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Two flint axes, one 7.25 in x 3.5 in at the broadest part and of a deep ochreous colour, the other 5.25 in x 2.25 in and white, were found in 1860 in alluvial soil at the estuary of the Don near Jarrow during the construction of Tyne Dock. It was suggested that they had come in ballast. Source 1 reported that the larger was partially polished, source 4 that both axes had "surfaces entirely ground". Formerly in the possession of the late Mr. John Thompson of Simonside (3), they are now lost.
Site Name
Jarrow Slake, flint axes
Site Type: Specific
Axe
HER Number
490
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 490 >> Archaeologia Aeliana, 1861, Flint Implements, 2, V, p. 102
J. Evans, 1897, The Ancient Stone Implements...of Great Britain, 2nd edition, p. 101
G.B. Hodgson, 1903, The Borough of South Shields, p. 9
W. Page, ed. 1905, Early Man, Victoria County History, Durham, I, p. 199n
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 78, no. 3
SURVIVAL
0
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1992
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
26
DAY2
01
District
S Tyneside
Easting
436850
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
11
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567040
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
South Shields
Description
A Roman coin, probably of the emperor Valens (364 - 375 A.D.), with his bust on the obverse. Found in a gas main trench at the junction of Beach Road and Woodbine Road. Registered at South Shields Roman Fort Museum on 8 April 1991 by P.T. Bidwell and retained by the finder.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Roman coin, probably Valens. Obv. Bust to right, draped and wearing pearl diadem (...)F AVG Rev. Emperor advancing right, dragging captive with right hand, holding a labarum in left hand. (GLORIA ROMANORVM) Mint CUN(...) 25 Feb. 364 - 17 Nov. 375. Found in the gas main trench at junction of Beach Road and Woodbine Road (sic Woodbine Street) by Joseph Barr, 22 Dickens Avenue, Biddick Hall Estate, South Shields NE34 9SY. Registered at South Shields Roman Fort Museum on 8 April 1991 by P.T. Bidwell and retained by the finder. Dated C4.
Site Name
Beach Road, Roman coin
Site Type: Specific
Coin
HER Number
489
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 489 >> Pers comm. C. Hart, 1991, South Shields, Beach Road, Roman coin
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
26
DAY2
01
District
Sunderland
Easting
435500
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ34NE
MATERIAL
Shale
MONTH1
11
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
547900
parish
Hetton
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Hetton-le-Hole
Description
A black barbed and tanged arrowhead, found on waste ground off Regent Street/Market Street/Edward Street and lent to Sunderland Museum in 1991.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Black cherty shale barbed and tanged arrowhead, found on waste ground off Regent Street/Market Street/Edward Street, by S.D. Wallace, of 19 Regent Street, Hetton-le-Hole, DH5 9AB. Lent to Sunderland Museum for 4 years, Nov. 1991.
Site Name
Hetton-le-Hole, arrowhead
Site Type: Specific
Arrowhead
HER Number
488
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 488 >> Pers comm. C. Hart, 1991, Hetton-le-Hole arrowhead
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
Class
Agriculture and Subsistence
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Jennifer Morrison
Crossref
245
DAY1
01
DAY2
13
District
Sunderland
Easting
435300
EASTING2
357
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MONTH1
11
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
Northing
553100
NORTHING2
529
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Middle Herrington
Description
Between West and Middle Herrington, on both sides of the Herrington Burn, and also in the Park south of Middle Herrington, there is fine ridge and furrow. There are no surviving field boundaries wit hin the earthworks area, although the Tithe Awards of 1847 suggest that the township boundary ran north-south across the first of these areas.
SITEASS
Check the APs and see how much detail is apparent. A survey would be useful. What is the significance of the division of occupiers? How long has it been pasture? The site was inspected in December 1998 by J.N. Rimmington of English Heritage as part of the Monument Protection Programme. At that time the site was managed for grazing, and the field closest to Middle Herrington Farm was improved pasture. The report concluded that the monument is not considered of national importance due to the lack of identifiable features other than ridge and furrow and the lack of any documentary evidence suggesting the presence of buildings. Owing to the fine nature of the surviving earthworks, however, the monument should be the subject of development control.
Site Type: Broad
Cultivation Marks
SITEDESC
Between West and Middle Herrington, on both sides of the Herrington Burn, which here flows from W to E, and also in the Park S of Middle Herrington, there is fine ridge and furrow, without extant field boundaries. The Tithe Awards for both settlements of 1847 suggest that the township boundary ran N-S across the first of these areas, leaving a single field (W Herrington no. 60, Battle Field) to the W. On the E side of the line there were apparently 5 fields divided between 3 farms, nos. 62 The Meadows, 63 Blakeless and 75 in the Middle Herrington west farm, no. 64 West Blakeless in John Gibson's Farm, and no. 74 with the land attached to Middle Herrington Hall. All at that time were down to grass. In the second area, no. 80 The Park was grass, no. 98 Far Park was arable.
Site Name
Middle Herrington, ridge and furrow
Site Type: Specific
Broad Ridge and Furrow
HER Number
487
Form of Evidence
Earthwork
Sources
<< HER 487 >> Dept. Pal. & Dip. Durham, Tithe Awards, 1847, East and Middle Herrington
J.N. Rimmington, 1998, English Heritage, Alternative Action Report
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
2002
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Unassigned
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
13
DAY2
01
District
Sunderland
Easting
432800
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ34NW
MONTH1
11
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
546900
parish
Hetton
General Period
UNCERTAIN
Specific Period
Uncertain
Place
Middle Rainton
Description
An apparently single-ditched sub-oval enclosure, visible as a crop mark on aerial photographs.
Site Type: Broad
Archaeological Feature
SITEDESC
An apparently single-ditched sub-oval enclosure.
Site Name
Middle Rainton, curvilinear cropmark
Site Type: Specific
Site
HER Number
486
Form of Evidence
Cropmark
Sources
<< HER 486 >> Aerial Photograph, Museum of Antiquities - Middle Rainton 175.28, 30-31
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Unassigned
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
13
DAY2
01
District
Sunderland
Easting
437600
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MAP2
NZ34NE
MONTH1
11
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
550000
parish
Warden Law
General Period
UNCERTAIN
Specific Period
Uncertain
Place
Warden Law
Description
A possible enclosure south of the two tree-covered mounds of Warden Law, visible as a crop mark on aerial photographs.
SITEASS
Try to get it rephotographed at a suitable moment. Until then just keep an eye on it.
Site Type: Broad
Archaeological Feature
SITEDESC
An aerial photo exists showing a rather woolly cropmark of perhaps an enclosure south of the two tree-covered mounds of Warden Law. Without better definition it is impossible to be certain whether or not this is actually a site.
Site Name
Warden Law, rectilinear cropmark
Site Type: Specific
Site
HER Number
485
Form of Evidence
Cropmark
Sources
<< HER 485 >> Aerial Photograph, R. Selkirk, Warden Law, S 114 - Museum of Antiquities
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
Y
AREA_STAT
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
08
DAY2
01
District
Sunderland
Easting
438400
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
11
MONTH2
5
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
559700
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Neolithic -4,000 to -2,200
Place
Fulwell
Description
In 1990 excavations revealed part of an irregular oval-shaped enclosure with a perimeter ditch 5-7 m wide, and 1 m deep except on the W side where it petered out. Charcoal from the ditch was dated to 1,840 +/- 80 b.c. Pollen analysis suggests that when the enclosure was built much of the surrounding area was covered with alder forest, and this was later cleared for cereal cultivation.
Site Type: Broad
Enclosure
SITEDESC
In 1990 TWCMS excavated 17 trial trenches on the open ground on Carley Hill between a disused quarry (N) and a housing estate (S). This work revealed part of "an irregular oval-shaped enclosure" with a perimeter ditch 5-7 m wide, and 1 m deep except on the W side where it petered out. A posthole here was perhaps part of a W gate. The bottom of the ditch was filled with dolerite nodules and charcoal, the upper part with silt. The charcoal had a radio carbon date of 3,790 +/- 80 (1,840 +/- 80 b.c.). Pollen analysis suggests that "when the enclosure was built much of the surrounding area was covered with alder forest, and this was later cleared for cereal cultivation". Above the enclosure were traces of 18th century-19 ridge and furrow. Complete the description when an up-to-date report arrives.
Site Name
Carley Hill, ditched enclosure
Site Type: Specific
Ditched Enclosure
HER Number
484
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 484 >> N. Holbrook, 1990, Carley Hill, Excavation report
SURVIVAL
40-59%
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
113
DAY1
07
DAY2
10
District
Sunderland
Easting
435260
Grid ref figure
8
HEIGHT_OD
110
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MATERIAL
Ceramic
MONTH1
11
MONTH2
4
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 SE 1
Northing
554450
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Sunderland
Description
On the level of the limestone, and about 16 inches from the feet of a skeleton (HER ref. 479) but apparently not associated with that or any other burial, Trechmann found the rim of a decorated food vessel in red-brown fabric.
Site Type: Broad
Barrow
SITEDESC
On the level of the limestone, and about 16 inches from the feet of skeleton (SMR 479) but apparently not associated with that or any other burial, Trechmann found the rim of a food vessel. "Finely decorated with incised herringbone interrupted by single encircling twisted cord lines. Red-brown fabric".
Site Name
Hasting Hill barrow, Food Vessel
Site Type: Specific
Sherd
HER Number
480
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 480 >> C.T. Trechmann, 1914, Prehistoric Burials in the County of Durham, Archaeologia Aeliana, 3, XI, p. 153
A.M. Gibson, 1978, Bronze Age Pottery in the North-East of England, British Archaeological Report, British Series, 56, pp. 66 and 121, no. 82
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, pp. 69 and 76 Fig. 23 no. 1.1l
SURVIVAL
1-19%
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
113
DAY1
04
DAY2
04
District
Sunderland
Easting
435260
Grid ref figure
8
HEIGHT_OD
110
Map Sheet
NZ35SE
MATERIAL
Antler
MONTH1
11
MONTH2
4
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 SE 1
Northing
554450
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Sunderland
Description
A pick formed of a stag's antler, 16 inches in length was found among limestone rubble a few feet north-west of the primary grave (HER no. 451:4) and a few inches above the limestone rock. This is the type of implement apparently in general use in constructing barrows. The fragment of stag's antler found in the primary grave may very possibly be the end of this pick broken off and left in the grave by accident.
Site Type: Broad
Barrow
SITEDESC
Find VII: "A pick formed of a stag's antler, 16 inches in length. It was found among limestone rubble a few feet NW of the primary grave and a few inches above the limestone rock. This is the type of implement apparently in general use in constructing barrows. The brow tine nearest the skull of the animal has been used as the point of the pick and has the end broken off or worn away. The fragment of stag's antler found in the primary grave may very possibly be the end of this pick broken off and left in the grave by accident. The pick has a part of the skull attached, showing it to be the antler of a killed stag and not merely a shed antler".
Site Name
Hasting Hill barrow, antler pick
Site Type: Specific
Pick
HER Number
467
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 467 >> C.T.Trechmann, 1912, Recent Finds of Prehistoric Remains at Hasting Hill, near Offerton, Antiquities of Sunderland, XIV, p. 3 no. 9
C.T. Trechmann, 1913, Hasting Hill, Offerton, Co. Durham, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 3, V (for 1911-12), p. 140 no. 9
C.T. Trechmann, 1914, Prehistoric Burials in the County of Durham, Archaeologia Aeliana, 3, XI, pp. 136, 145
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, pp. 69, 75, Fig. 22 no. 1.1g, p. 74 Fig. 21 no. 7