An architectural fragment in fine-grained yellow sandstone, 6.8 cm high x 8.5 cm wide x 4 cm deep. It has two carved faces one of which suggests it may originally have been joined with HER no. 401. It was found in 1966 and is thought to date to the late 7th century A.D.
Site Type: Broad
Architectural Fragment
SITEDESC
Architectural fragment in Hartlepool and Roker dolomite. Unworn and finely dressed. Two carved faces only survive. A (broad): part of one register of encircled pattern with a roll moulding on one edge. F (bottom). Perhaps part of the same scheme as SMR 401. 6.8 cm high x 8.5 cm wide x 4 cm deep. Last quarter of C7. Found in 1966 in archaeological excavations. Dated C7th.
Site Name
Monkwearmouth, Anglo-Saxon architectural fragment
Site Type: Specific
Architectural Fragment
HER Number
403
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 403 >> G. Adcock, 1974, A study of the types of interlace on Northumbrian sculpture Durham University, Unpublished M Phil thesis, 69-71, pl. 7A
R.J. Cramp, 1984, Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Stone Sculpture, Vol. I, Pt 1 131, Pt 2 pl. 124.683 (Monkwearmouth 19)
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Unassigned
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
87
DAY1
30
DAY2
13
District
Sunderland
Easting
440200
Grid ref figure
6
HISTORY_TOPIC
Anglo-Saxon
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MATERIAL
Dolomite
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
557800
General Period
EARLY MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Early Medieval 410 to 1066
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
An architectural fragment carved in local dolomite, 4.3 cm high x 4.3 cm wide x 2.5 cm deep. Its surviving carved face contains interlace decoration. It was found in 1964 and is thought to date to the late 7th century A.D.
Site Type: Broad
Architectural Fragment
SITEDESC
Architectural fragment, in Hartlepool and Roker dolomite. Broken but unweathered. Only one carved face survives. "The edge has a broken flange at a recessed level. An interlace is bordered by a wide flat-band moulding which is curved and widens slightly at one end. The interlace consists of a fragment of linked loops but it is not possible to reconstruct the total pattern". 4.3 cm high x 4.3 cm wide x 2.5 cm deep. Last quarter of C7. Found in 1964 in the archaeological excavations. Dated C7th.
Site Name
Monkwearmouth, Anglo-Saxon architectural fragment
Site Type: Specific
Architectural Fragment
HER Number
402
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 402 >> Jarrow Lecture R.J. Cramp,1965 Early Northumbrian Sculpture 3
G. Adcock, 1974, A study of the types of interlace on Northumbrian sculpture Durham University, Unpublished M Phil thesis, 71, pl. 7C
R. J. Cramp 1984 Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Stone Sculpture Vol. I, Pt 1 131, Pt 2 pl. 124.682 (Monkwearmouth 18)
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Unassigned
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
87
DAY1
01
DAY2
13
District
Sunderland
Easting
440200
Grid ref figure
6
HISTORY_TOPIC
Anglo-Saxon
Map Sheet
NZ45NW
MATERIAL
Sandstone
MONTH1
8
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
557800
General Period
EARLY MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Early Medieval 410 to 1066
Place
Monkwearmouth
Description
An architectural fragment in fine-grained yellow sandstone, 12 cm high x 18 cm wide x 18 cm deep. Its only surviving carved face contains part of a panel of interlace decoration. It was found in 1966 immediately south of the church and is thought to date to the late 7th century A.D.
Site Type: Broad
Architectural Fragment
SITEDESC
Architectural fragment, in fine-grained yellow sandstone. Damaged but completely unweathered. Only one carved face survives. Part of a panel of interlace set in bold roll mouldings. On one side the background is flat and chamfered back, on the other it is in a shallow convex curve. The interlace consists of one register of encircled pattern and the outer edge of another. Perhaps part of an interlace fitment of the church. 12 cm high x 18 cm wide x 18 cm deep. Last quarter of C7. Found in 1966 in archaeological excavations, immediately south of the church. Dated C7th.
Site Name
Monkwearmouth, Anglo-Saxon architectural fragment
Site Type: Specific
Architectural Fragment
HER Number
401
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 401 >> D.M. Wilson & D.G. Hurst, eds. 1967, Medieval Britain in 1966, Medieval Archaeology, XI, 264
G. Adcock, 1974, A study of the types of interlace on Northumbrian sculpture Durham University, Unpublished M Phil thesis, 69-71, pl. 7A
R.J. Cramp, 1984, Corpus of Anglo-Saxon Stone Sculpture, Vol. I, Pt. 1 131, Pt. 2 pl. 124.681 (Monkwearmouth 17)
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
397,398,399
DAY1
22
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
438000
Grid ref figure
4
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 4
Northing
559000
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Fulwell
Description
In 1759, during limestone quarrying, "a ridge of limestone and rubbage" (sic) was removed. In the mound was a grave containing a large skeleton. Two Roman coins found with a skeleton appear to date the burial to sometime around the beginning of the 3rd century A.D.
Site Type: Broad
Grave
SITEDESC
In 1763 "a gentleman from Durham" showed the author of this account, P. Collinson, some large teeth from a gigantic skeleton and 2 Roman coins which had been found in the grave. The original discovery had been made in 1759 in the course of working the limestone quarries when the removal of a ridge of limestone had revealed the skeleton, protected by four large flat stones, and on the south side of it, by its right hand, the two Roman coins. Welfare suggests that the coins and the burial were contemporary, and probably not earlier than the beginning of the C3.
Site Name
Fulwell Quarries, 2 Roman coins
Site Type: Specific
Coin
HER Number
400
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 400 >> P. Collinson, 1763, Gentleman's Magazine, Vol. XXXIII, p. 492 (Oct. 1763)
J. Sykes, 1866, Local Records, Vol. I, p. 221
H.G. Welfare, 1980, Fulwell Giant, Northern Archaeology, Vol. 1 Part 1, pp. 22-25
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
397,398,400
DAY1
22
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
438000
Grid ref figure
4
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 4
Northing
559000
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Fulwell
Description
In 1759, during limestone quarrying, "a ridge of limestone and rubbage" (sic) was removed. "In the middle of this bank was found the skeleton of a human body, which measured nine feet six inches in length, the shin-bone measuring two feet three inches from the knee to the ancle (sic)". The skeleton was protected by "four large flat stones", which could be interpreted as a prehistoric cist burial or a Roman grave inserted in a prehistoric mound. Two Roman coins were found on the south side of the skeleton, near the right hand. It has been argued that the description of the skeleton is detailed enough to be true, and that he was therefore one of the biggest men ever found. The coins suggest he had probably been inserted into an earlier cairn not before the beginning of the 3rd century AD.
Site Type: Broad
Burial
SITEDESC
In 1759, in the course of working the limestone quarries, "a ridge of limestone and rubbage" (sic) was removed. "In the middle of this bank was found the skeleton of a human body, which measured nine feet six inches in length, the shin-bone measuring two feet three inches from the knee to the ancle (sic); the head lay to the west, and was defended from the superincumbent earth by four large flat stones, which the relator, a man of great probity, who was present when the skeleton was measured, and who himself took the teeth out of the jaw, saw removed". Two Roman coins were found on the south side of the skeleton, near the right hand. A later source added "a small urn of unbaked clay" to the discovery. Welfare suggests the description of the skeleton was detailed enough to be true, and that he was therefore one of the biggest men ever found. On the strength of the coins he had probably been inserted into an earlier cairn not before the beginning of the C3.
Site Name
Fulwell Quarries, inhumation
Site Type: Specific
Inhumation
HER Number
399
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 399 >> P. Collinson, 1763, Gentleman's Magazine, Vol. XXXIII, p. 492 (Oct. 1763)
J. Sykes, 1866, Local Records, Vol. I, p. 221
Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, 1952 linear mound...containing a cist burial...
H.G. Welfare, 1980, Fulwell Giant, Northern Archaeology, Vol. 1 Part 1, pp. 22-25
SURVIVAL
0
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
397,399,400
DAY1
22
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
438000
Grid ref figure
4
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 4
Northing
559000
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
Fulwell
Description
In 1759, during limestone quarrying, "a ridge of limestone and rubbage" (sic) was removed. A skeleton found in the presumed barrow or cairn was protected by "four large flat stones", which could be interpreted as a prehistoric cist burial or a Roman grave inserted in a prehistoric mound. Near the right hand of the body were 2 Roman coins. A later source added "a small urn of unbaked clay" to the finds.
Site Type: Broad
Cist
SITEDESC
In 1759, in the course of working the limestone quarries, "a ridge of limestone and rubbage" (sic) was removed. "In the middle of this bank was found the skeleton of a human body...the head lay to the west, and was defended from the superincumbent earth by four large flat stones, which the relator, a man of great probity, who was present...saw removed". The O.S. have translated this as a cist burial, but there are other ways of interpreting stones thus described and Welfare did not accept it as a cist, preferring to interpret it as a Roman burial inserted into a prehistoric cairn. Near the right hand of the body were 2 Roman coins, and a later source added "a small urn of unbaked clay" to the finds.
Site Name
Fulwell Quarries, cist
Site Type: Specific
Cist
HER Number
398
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 398 >> P. Collinson, 1763, Gentleman's Magazine, Vol. XXXIII, p. 492 (Oct. 1763)
J. Sykes, 1866, Local Records, Vol. I, p. 221
Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, 1952 linear mound...containing a cist burial...
H.G. Welfare, 1980, Fulwell Giant, Northern Archaeology, Vol. 1 Part 1, pp. 22-25
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
398,399,400
DAY1
21
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
438000
Grid ref figure
4
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 4
Northing
559000
General Period
UNCERTAIN
Specific Period
Uncertain
Place
Fulwell
Description
In 1759, during limestone quarrying, "a ridge of limestone and rubbage" (sic) was removed. The ridge was stated to be about 25 yards long from east to west, about a yard and a half high and nearly six yards wide, with its sides sloping "like the ruins of a rampart". In the middle of this bank, apparently covered by large flat stones (HER no. 398), there was a large human skeleton (HER no. 399), with 2 Roman coins near its right hand. (HER no. 400) A later account adds that "a small urn of unbaked clay" was also found. It has been suggested that this mound could have been a Neolithic long cairn, and the burial a Roman insertion.
Site Type: Broad
Burial Cairn
SITEDESC
In 1759, in the course of working the limestone quarries, "a ridge of limestone and rubbage" (sic) was removed. "The ridge was about 25 yards in length from east to west, its perpendicular height was about a yard and a half, its breadth at the top was near six yards, and the sides were sloping like the ruins of a rampart". In the middle of this bank, apparently covered by large flat stones (398), there was a large human skeleton (399), with 2 Roman coins near its right hand. (400) A later account adds that "a small urn of unbaked clay" was also found. Welfare suggests that this mound could well have been a Neolithic long cairn, and the burial a Roman insertion.
Site Name
Fulwell Quarries, barrow
Site Type: Specific
Burial Cairn
HER Number
397
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 397 >> P. Collinson, 1763, Gentleman's Magazine, Vol. XXXIII, p. 492 (Oct. 1763)
J. Sykes, 1866, Local Records, Vol. I, p. 221
Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, 1952, linear mound (possibly Bronze Agerrow/rampart)
R. Young, 1980, An Inventory of Barrows in Co. Durham, Transactions Architectectural & Archaeological Society of Durham and Northumberland, New series, Vol. 5, p. 8 no. 28
H.G. Welfare, 1980, Fulwell Giant, Northern Archaeology, Vol. 1 Part 1, pp. 22-25
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Conservation Area
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
20
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
439840
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 45 NW 7
Northing
556050
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Sunderland
Description
A cist burial was recorded at Langham Tower, perhaps in the 1920s, but there are no details. Some flint tools supposedly found in the cist are presumed lost.
Site Type: Broad
Cist
SITEDESC
Gibbs recorded the discovery of a cist burial at Langham Tower, perhaps in the 1920s, but added no details. W. Dodds informed Young that flint was found in the cist but this was not traced by Young, and must be presumed lost. The O.S. could not find Langham Tower, and so located this entry on the wrong map, - see above.
Site Name
Langham Tower, cist burial
Site Type: Specific
Cist
HER Number
396
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 396 >> G.B. Gibbs, 1939, Neolithic Man in County Durham, Antiquities of Sunderland, Vol. 19 (for 1929-32), p. 25
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 64, no. 26
R. Young, 1987, Lithics and Subsistence in North-Eastern England, British Archaeological Report, British Series,Vol. 161, p. 219, F 111
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
20
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
439800
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 28
Northing
556400
General Period
UNCERTAIN
Specific Period
Uncertain
Place
Sunderland
Description
In 1842 two human skeletons were discovered on Building Hill. The first, supposedly an adult female, was found "about three feet below the surface, near the footpath of Building Hill quarry.... The second "was disentombed by Mr. William Jefferson" while quarrying stone. The discoveries are not described well enough to provide evidence for their date. Other references to "doubtful implements from Building Hilll", and a much later reference to a barrow there do not justify a prehistoric date.
Site Type: Broad
Burial
SITEDESC
In 1842 two human skeletons were discovered on Building Hill. The first, supposedly an adult female, was reported on 18 Feb., having been found "about three feet below the surface, near the footpath of Building Hill quarry...The bones were very much decayed. There are no circumstances connected with the occurrence from which it can be ascertained how long it had lain, or under what circumstances it was deposited". On 29 Sept. a second "was disentombed by Mr. William Jefferson, when laying open the rock to procure stone". Richardson explicitly quotes "Local Papers" as the source for the latter discovery. The second hand reference to "doubtful implements from Building Hill", and a much later reference to a barrow there are too uncertain to justify a prehistoric date.
Site Name
Building Hill, inhumations
Site Type: Specific
Inhumation
HER Number
395
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 395 >> M.A. Richardson, 1846, Local Historian's Table Book, Historical Division, Vol. V, pp. 355, 407
J.W. Summers, 1858, History of Sunderland, p. 14
W.C. Mitchell, 1919, History of Sunderland, p. 10
J.A. Petch, 1925, Roman Durham, Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, I,p. 30
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 64, no. 25
R. Young, 1980, An Inventory of Barrows in Co. Durham, Transactions Architectural & Archaeolgical Society of Durham and Northumberland, New Series, Vol. 5, p. 13, no. 91
SURVIVAL
0
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
01
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
438100
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MATERIAL
Greenstone
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 11
Northing
557200
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Neolithic -4,000 to -2,200
Place
Sunderland
Description
A perforated axe-hammer of greenstone, with oval hole, found at Millfield. Its dimensions are: length 181 mm, max. width 62 mm, thickness 70 mm. It was found in or before 1897 and is now in the British Museum.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
A perforated axe-hammer of greenstone, with oval bi-conical hole, was found at Millfield. Length 181 mm, max. width 62 mm, thickness 70 mm. In the Greenwell Collection when Evans described it, it had passed to Dr Sturge by 1905, and is now in the British Museum.
Site Name
Millfield, perforated axe hammer
Site Type: Specific
Axe Hammer
HER Number
394
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 394 >> J. Evans, 1897, The Ancient Stone Implements...of Great Britain, 2nd ed., p. 194
W. Page, ed. 1905, Early Man, Victoria County History, Durham, Vol. I, p. 200
W.C. Mitchell, 1919, History of Sunderland, p. 6
J.A. Petch, 1925, Roman Durham, Archaeologia Aeliana, p. 30
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 62, and p. 66, fig. 20, no. 11