A perforated axe-hammer found in 1849 while dredging the River Wear at a depth of some 10 feet below the bed of the river, or 16 feet below low-water mark, about 300-400 yards above Sunderland Bridge. It was described as "of mottled greenstone….6.5 inches long, the faces are rounded, and the hole, which is about seven-eighths inch in diameter, tapers slightly towards the middle". The axe-hammer was stolen from the Black Gate museum of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle in 1947.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Found in 1849 while dredging the River Wear, "from a depth of 10 feet below the bed of the river Wear, or 16 feet below low-water mark, about 300 or 400 yards above Sunderland Bridge". It was described as "of mottled greenstone, beautifully finished; the sides are, however, flat and not hollowed. It is 6.5 inches long, the faces are rounded, and the hole, which is about seven- eighths inch in diameter, tapers slightly towards the middle". Miket describes it as "hour glass perforation". Thomas Meik Esq. C.E. presented the axe-hammer to the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, from whose museum in the Black Gate it was stolen in 1947.
Site Name
River Wear, perforated axe hammer
Site Type: Specific
Axe Hammer
HER Number
393
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 393 >> Archaeologia Aeliana, 1855, Donation, 1, IV, p. 13
J.W. Summers, 1858, The History...of Sunderland, p. 14
J. Evans, 1897, The Ancient Stone Implements...of Great Britain, 2nd edition, p. 193
Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 1889, 2, III (for 1887-88), p. 173
W. Page, ed. 1905, Early Man, Victoria County History, Durham, Vol. I, p. 200
W.C. Mitchell, 1919, History of Sunderland, p. 6
J.A. Petch, 1925, Roman Durham, Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, I,p. 30
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
16
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
437400
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
555300
General Period
UNCERTAIN
Specific Period
Uncertain
Place
Sunderland
Description
A flint flake was found in an allotment in 1931
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
"Length 44 mm, width 34 mm, thickness 10 mm. Found in an allotment no. 67, in 1931".
Site Name
Barnes Park, struck flake
Site Type: Specific
Flake
HER Number
392
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 392 >> R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 63, no. 17
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Clare Henderson
DAY1
16
DAY2
24
District
Sunderland
Easting
437365
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MATERIAL
Flint
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 55
Northing
558076
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Neolithic -4,000 to -2,200
Place
Pallion
Description
A rough flint axe was found at Pallion, in c. 1884, when Doxford's Shipyard was enlarged. It was given to Sunderland Museum in 1944 but is now missing.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
A rough flint axe was found at Pallion, in c. 1884, when Doxford's Shipyard was enlarged. It was given to Sunderland Museum in 1944 but is now missing.
Site Name
Doxford's Shipyard, flint axe
Site Type: Specific
Axehead Roughout
HER Number
391
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 391 >> R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 62, no. 9, and plate 6.2
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
2021
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
16
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
437800
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 57
Northing
558100
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Neolithic -4,000 to -2,200
Place
Sunderland
Description
A polished stone axe was found 30 feet below the waterline at Austin and Pickersgill's Shipyard (probably Southwick Yard), in 1976. Its dimensions are: length 100 mm, max. width 59 mm, thickness 33 mm.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
A polished stone axe was found 30 feet below the waterline at Austin and Pickersgill's Shipyard, (probably Southwick Yard), in 1976 by G. Hindmarch, of 3 Perth Square, Plains Square, Sunderland. Length 100 mm, max. width 59 mm, thickness 33 mm.
Site Name
Austin & Pickersgill Shipyard, polished stone axe
Site Type: Specific
Polished Axehead
HER Number
390
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 390 >> Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, 1976, Neolithic polished axe
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, pp. 62, 65, and fig. 19, no. 7
SURVIVAL
100%
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
AREA_STAT
Site of Special Scientific Interest
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Good
DAY1
16
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
435900
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MATERIAL
Bronze
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 23
Northing
557700
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Claxheugh
Description
A bronze rapier said to have been found on the north shore of the Wear at (or, presumably, opposite) Claxheugh. It is 326 mm long and complete except for one torn rivet hole.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Described as a rapier by sources 1, 2 and 4, a dirk by 3 and the O.S., it is said to have been found on the north shore of the Wear at (sic, or opposite ?) Claxheugh. It is complete except for one torn rivet hole, the bevel lines are less straight than usual, small butt, length 326 mm. An example of Class IV, "blade with flat or flattish mid-section".
Site Name
River Wear, bronze dirk or rapier
Site Type: Specific
Dirk
HER Number
389
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 389 >> W. Page, ed. 1905, Victoria County History, Durham, p. 207, and plate opp. p. 206
B.A.V. Trump, 1962, The origin and development of British Middle Bronze Age rapiers,Proceedings Prehistoric Society, Vol. XXVIII, pp. 80-102
C.B. Burgess 1968, Bronze Age Dirks and Rapiers...from Durham and Northumberland, Transactions Architectectural & Archaeological Society of Durham & Northumberland, New Series, Vol. I, pp. 4-5 and fig. 2, no. 8
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, pp. 62 and 66, fig. 20, no. 12
SURVIVAL
80-90%
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
386,387
DAY1
12
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
436200
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MATERIAL
Bronze
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 19
Northing
557660
General Period
UNCERTAIN
Specific Period
Uncertain
Place
Hylton
Description
A bronze sword is said to have been dredged from the River Wear, between Hylton Dene and Park's Nook, in either 1855 or 1885. In 1892 it was in the possession of H.H. Wake, but its present whereabouts are unknown.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
A bronze sword is said to have been dredged from the River Wear, between Hylton Dene and Park's Nook, in either 1855 (Mitchell) or 1885 (Potts). In 1892 it was in the possession of H.H. Wake, but its present whereabouts are unknown. In the earliest O.S. reference it is said to be Roman, but this view was later withdrawn when the supporting evidence was found to have been destroyed. Miket clearly believed it to be prehistoric, and thought that, because 386 had been dredged up in the same area by a Mervyn Wake, there might have been confusion, and 386 and 388 were perhaps the same object.
Site Name
Hylton Dene, River Wear, bronze sword
Site Type: Specific
Sword
HER Number
388
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 388 >> T.C. Potts, 1892, History of Sunderland, p. 59
W.C. Mitchell, 1919, History of Sunderland, p. 4
Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, 1977, Alleged Roman bronze sword
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 63, no. 15
SURVIVAL
0
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
375,386
DAY1
11
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
435000
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MATERIAL
Bronze
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 1
Northing
556900
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Hylton
Description
One of two swords dredged from the River Wear at Ford near Hylton, this one c. 1830. It is of 'Ewart Park' type, with the hilt altered or replaced in modern times. It was recorded as 501 mm long and with a max. width of 42 mm.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
With another sword (386), dredged from the River Wear at Ford, Hylton, in ? 1830. The date is from the O.S. card, Miket does not report it. Of Ewart Park type; hilt altered in modern times. Length 501 mm, max. width 42mm.
Site Name
Hylton, River Wear, bronze sword
Site Type: Specific
Sword
HER Number
387
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 387 >> N.R. Whitcomb, 1968, Two Prehistoric Dug-out Canoes from the River Wear at Hylton... Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, XLVI, pp. 300-301
Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, 1977, 2 Late Bronze Age swords
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, pp. 62-3, 66, and fig. 20, no. 14
SURVIVAL
80-90%
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
CONDITION
Good
Crossref
375,387,388
DAY1
11
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
435000
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MATERIAL
Bronze
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 1
Northing
556900
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Bronze Age -2,600 to -700
Place
Hylton
Description
One of two swords dredged from the River Wear at Ford near Hylton in c. 1910 by Mervyn Wake and presented to Sunderland Museum by Dr. D. Wawn. It is of 'Ewart Park' type, with the hilt altered or replaced in modern times. It was recorded as 428 mm long and with a max. width of 45 mm.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
With another sword, dredged from the River Wear in c. 1910. Of Ewart Park type; hilt altered (or replaced ?) in modern times. Length 428 mm, max. width 45 mm. Miket goes on to say that it was presented to Sunderland Museum by Dr D. Wawn, but was reported to have been dredged from the wear near Hylton at Ford by Mervyn Wake. As another sword is supposed to have been found in the same area in 1885 (388), and in 1892 to have been in the possession of H.H. Wake, he wonders if they could have been confused, i.e. there is only one sword not two. He notes, however, that the hilt of 388 is said to have been perfectly preserved.
Site Name
Hylton, River Wear, bronze sword
Site Type: Specific
Sword
HER Number
386
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 386 >> N.R. Whitcomb, 1968, Two Prehistoric Dug-out Canoes from the River Wear at Hylton... Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, XLVI, pp. 300-301
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, pp. 62-63, 66, and fig. 20, no. 13
SURVIVAL
80-90%
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
11
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
439000
Grid ref figure
4
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 63
Northing
555000
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Prehistoric -1,000 000 to 43
Place
Sunderland
Description
In 1939 Gibbs recorded the discovery of "blue patinated artifacts" from the boulder clay in the Ashburn area. The objects are presumed lost.
Site Type: Broad
Artefact Scatter
SITEDESC
Gibbs recorded the discovery of "blue patinated artifacts" from the boulder clay of a "dry bed" in the Ashburn area. The grid reference is that provided by the O.S. Young could not locate these objects which must be presumed lost. They are not mentioned by Miket.
Site Name
Ashburn, ? Flints
Site Type: Specific
Flint Scatter
HER Number
385
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 385 >> Antiquities of Sunderland, G.B. Gibbs, 1939, Neolithic Man in County Durham, Vol. 19 (for 1929-32), p. 25
R. Young, 1987, Lithics and Subsistence in North-Eastern England, British Archaeological Report, British Series,Vol. 161, pp. 294-5, F 176
SURVIVAL
0
YEAR1
1991
YEAR2
1996
English, British
ADDITINF
N
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
382,383
DAY1
11
DAY2
22
District
Sunderland
Easting
436000
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ35NE
MATERIAL
Flint
MONTH1
3
MONTH2
1
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 35 NE 26
Northing
559000
General Period
PREHISTORIC
Specific Period
Mesolithic -10,000 to -4,000
Place
Hylton
Description
On the southern slopes of Hylton Castle Hill Preston found worked flints which included a hollow scraper, a food chopper and a pyramidal core, plus two flakes found in 1931. Their present whereabouts are unknown, Miket in 1984 also included in this group "two flints said to have been collected in the 1930s by Dr. A. Raistrick" now at the Craven Museum, Skipton.
Site Type: Broad
Artefact Scatter
SITEDESC
On the southern slopes of Hylton castle hill Preston found worked flints which included a hollow scraper, a food chopper and a pyramidal core, plus two flakes found in 1931. Their present whereabouts are unknown, so they have not been seen by Miket and Young, though the latter put them in his Mesolithic section. Miket also lists in this group "two flints said to have been collected in the 1930s by Dr A. Raistrick" now at the Craven Museum, Skipton.
Site Name
Hylton Castle hill, miscellaneous worked flints
Site Type: Specific
Flint Scatter
HER Number
384
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 384 >> H. Preston, 1929, Flint work-sites in North-East Durham, The Vasculum,Vol. 15, no. 4, p. 141
R. Miket, 1984, The Prehistory of Tyne and Wear, p. 63, no. 16.1-3
R. Young, 1987, Lithics and Subsistence in North-Eastern England, British Archaeological Report, British Series, Vol. 161, p. 167, F 44