Tombstone, 28 inches x 44 inches, found in 1878 south of Bath Street. Now in 4 pieces. In a gabled niche the deceased sits in a wicker chair. She is wearing a long-sleeved robe over her tunic, a necklace and bracelets. On her lap she holds a distaff and spindle, at her left side is her work-basket, at her right her jewellry box. Her face has been hacked off. Its inscription reads: D(is) M(anibus) Regina liberta et coniuge / Barates Palmyrenus natione / Catuallauna an(norum) XXX; To the spirits of the departed (and to) Regina, his freedwoman and wife, a Catuvellaunian by tribe, aged 30, Barates of Palmyra (set this up).
Site Type: Broad
Tomb
SITEDESC
Tombstone, 28" x 44", found in 1878 south of Bath Street. Now in 4 pieces. In a gabled niche the deceased sits in a wicker chair. She is wearing a long- sleeved robe over her tunic, a necklace and bracelets. On her lap she holds a distaff and spindle, at her left side is her work-basket, at her right her jewelry box. Her face has been hacked off. D(is) M(anibus) Regina liberta et coniuge / Barates Palmyrenus natione / Catuallauna an(norum) XXX To the spirits of the departed (and to) Regina, his freedwoman and wife, a Catuvellaunian by tribe, aged 30, Barates of Palmyra (set this up).
Site Name
South Shields vicus, Roman tombstone of Regina
Site Type: Specific
Tombstone
HER Number
898
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 898 >> JC. Bruce, 1885, On the recent discoveries in the Roman Camp on the Lawe... Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, X, 238-43
T. Hodgkin, 1901, On a Palmyrene Inscription illustrating the epitaph of Regina.... Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 2, IX (for 1899-1900), 158-60
D. Smith, 1959, A Palmyrene Sculptor at South Shields? Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, XXXVII, 203-10
R.G. Collingwood & R.P. Wright, 1965, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, 1065
E.J. Phillips, 1977, Great Britain, Corpus Signorum Imperii Romani, Vol. I Fasc. I no. 247
P.T. Bidwell, 1988, The Civilian Settlement...of the Roman Fort at South Shields, No. 14
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
1992
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
891,902,903
DAY1
09
DAY2
24
District
S Tyneside
Easting
436490
EASTING2
3656
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NGR2
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 36 NE 5
Northing
567550
NORTHING2
6758
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
South Shields
Description
Tombstone, 23 inches x 40 inches, found in two pieces - the gable in Cleveland Street, the rest in 1885 about 100 yards away at the junction of James Mather Street and Cleveland Street. Beneath a pediment the deceased, in tunic and long robe, reclines on a couch, and holds in his right hand a bunch of leaves, in his left a cup. Below the couch a boy stands, holding up a cup. Its inscription reads: D(is) M(anibus) Victoris natione Maurum / ((a))nnorum XX libertus Numeriani / ((e))q(u)itis ala(e) I Asturum qui / piantissime pr((ose))qu((u))tus est; To the spirits of the departed (and) of Victor, a Moorish tribesman, aged 20, freeman of Numerianus, trooper of the First Cavalry Regiment of Asturians, who most devotedly conducted him to the tomb.
Site Type: Broad
Tomb
SITEDESC
Tombstone, 23" x 40", found in two pieces - the gable in Cleveland Street (first grid ref above), the rest in 1885 about 100 yds away at the junction of James Mather Street and Cleveland Street. Beneath a pediment the deceased, in tunic and long robe, reclines on a couch, and holds in his right hand a bunch of leaves, in his left a cup. Below the couch a boy stands, holding up a cup. D(is) M(anibus) Victoris natione Maurum / ((a))nnorum XX libertus Numeriani / ((e))q(u)itis ala(e) I Asturum qui / piantissime pr((ose))qu((u))tus est To the spirits of the departed (and) of Victor, a Moorish tribesman, aged 20o, freeman of Numerianus, trooper of the First Cavalry Regiment of Asturians, who most devotedly conducted him to the tomb.
Site Name
South Shields vicus, Roman tombstone
Site Type: Specific
Tombstone
HER Number
897
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 897 >> R.Blair, 1885, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2, X, 196-7
JC. Bruce, 1885, On the recent discoveries in the Roman Camp on the Lawe... Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, X, 249
W.T. Watkin, 1886, Roman Inscriptions discovered in Britain in 1885, Archaeological Journal, XLIII, 275-6
J.C. Bruce, 1887, Roman Inscribed Tombstone from South Shields, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 2, II (for 1885-86), 7
D. Smith, 1959, A Palmyrene Sculptor at South Shields?, Archaeologia Aeliana, 4, XXXVII, 203-10
R.G. Collingwood & R.P. Wright, 1965, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, 1064
E.J. Phillips, 1977, Great Britain, Corpus Signorum Imperii Romani, Vol. I Fasc. I no. 248
P.T. Bidwell, 1988, The Civilian Settlement...of the Roman Fort at South Shields, nos. 10-11
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
1992
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
891,902,903
DAY1
08
DAY2
24
District
S Tyneside
Easting
436500
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567500
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
South Shields
Description
Part of a tombstone, 19 inches x 28 inches, found in 1876. The descriptions of the findspot do not coincide. Wright says in Bath Street about 350 yards south of the south-west angle of the fort; Bidwell quotes the Daily Journal as saying "found in the sandhill in which the graves were found", and adds a local tradition that it was found in the house at the corner of Pollard Street and the back lane. Its inscription reads: D(is) M(anibus) / Iul; ... To the spirits of the departed...
Site Type: Broad
Tomb
SITEDESC
Part of a tombstone, 19" x 28", found in 1876. The descriptions of the findspot do not coincide. Wright says in Bath Street about 350 yds south of the south-west angle of the fort; Bidwell quotes the Daily Journal as saying "found in the sandhill in which the graves were found", and adds a local tradition that it was found in the house at the corner of Pollard Street and the back lane. D(is) M(anibus) / Iul ... To the spirits of the departed...
Site Name
South Shields vicus, Roman tombstone
Site Type: Specific
Tombstone
HER Number
896
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 896 >> W.T. Watkin, 1877, Britanno Roman Inscriptions discovered in 1876, Archaeological Journal, XXXIV, 130
Rev. R.E. Hooppell, 1880, On the...Exploration of Roman Remains at South Shields in...1875-6, Transactions Natural History Society Northumberland, Durham and Newcastle-on-Tyne, VII, 174
R.G. Collingwood & R.P. Wright, 1965, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, 1063
E.J. Phillips, 1977, Great Britain, Corpus Signorum Imperii Romani, Vol. I Fasc. I no. 246
P.T. Bidwell, 1988, The Civilian Settlement...of the Roman Fort at South Shields, No. 16
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
1992
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
891
DAY1
08
District
S Tyneside
Easting
436700
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 36 NE 7
Northing
567800
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
South Shields
Description
Part of an altar, 15 inches x 25 inches, found during building operations in 1897 at the east end of Vespasian Avenue, about 150 yards south-east of the fort. Its sides are plain. Its inscription reads: Iulius / Verax / c(enturio) leg(ionis) V((I)); ... Julius Verax, centurion of the Sixth Legion ...
SITEASS
The OS marks this on the large scale map at the east end of Vespasian Street, NZ 3663 6776.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Part of an altar, 15" x 25", found during building operations in 1897 at the east end of Vespasian Avenue, about 150 yds south-east of the fort. Sides plain. Iulius / Verax / c(enturio) leg(ionis) V((I)) / ... Julius Verax, centurion of the Sixth Legion ...
Site Name
South Shields vicus, Roman altar
Site Type: Specific
Altar
HER Number
895
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 895 >> F. Haverfield, 1898, Roman Inscription at South Shields, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, XIX, 273-4
R. Blair, 1898, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2, XVII, 37-8 and fig.
R.G. Collingwood & R.P. Wright, 1965, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, 1057
P.T. Bidwell, 1988, The Civilian Settlement...of the Roman Fort at South Shields, No. 5
F. Haverfield, 1899, Roman Altar at South Shields, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 2, VIII (for 1897-98), 110
YEAR1
1992
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
891
DAY1
08
District
S Tyneside
Easting
436200
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 36 NE 7
Northing
567700
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
South Shields
Description
An altar, 12 inches x 30 inches, was found in 1887 while digging a trench for pipes in the new street of Cockburn Street, a little west of the fort. On the left side is a patera and jug; the right side is broken. Its inscription reads: Mar(ti) Ala(tori) / G(aius) Vinicius / Celsus / pro se et ((...)) / u(otum) s(oluit) l(ibens) m(erito); To Mars Alator, Gaius Vinicius Celsus for himself and ... willingly and deservedly fulfilled his vow.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Altar, 12" x 30", was found in 1887 while digging a trench for pipes in the new street of Cockburn Street, a little west of the fort. On left side patera and jug; right side broken. Mar(ti) Ala(tori) / G(aius) Vinicius / Celsus / pro se et ((...)) / u(otum) s(oluit) l(ibens) m(erito) To Mars Alator, Gaius Vinicius Celsus for himself and ... willingly and deservedly fulfilled his vow.
Site Name
South Shields vicus, Roman altar
Site Type: Specific
Altar
HER Number
894
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 894 >> W.T. Watkin, 1888, Archaeological Journal, XLV, 171
R. Blair, 1889, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 2, III (for 1887-88), 41 and plate
R.G. Collingwood & R.P. Wright, 1965, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, 1055
E.J. Phillips, 1977, Great Britain, Corpus Signorum Imperii Romani, Vol. I Fasc. I no. 198
P.T. Bidwell, 1988, The Civilian Settlement...of the Roman Fort at South Shields, No. 21
YEAR1
1992
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Clare Henderson
Crossref
891
DAY1
08
DAY2
23
District
S Tyneside
Easting
436402
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 36 NE 7
Northing
567744
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
South Shields
Description
Altar, 24 inches x 50 inches, found before 1672 "upon the banks of the Tine" at South Shields. On the back of the altar is a vase with stylized flowers; on the left side an axe and knife; on the right jug and patera. Its inscription reads: Dis Conseruato/rib(us) pro salu(te) / imp(eratoris) C(aesaris) M(arci) Aurel(i)/ Antonini / Aug(usti) Brit(annici) Max(imi) / ((et imp(eratoris) C(aesaris) P(ubli) Sep(timi) / Getae Aug(usti) Brit(annici) /...))rens / ob reditu(m) / u(otum) s(oluit); To the gods the Preservers for the welfare of the Emperor Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus, Most Great Conqueror of Britain, ((and of the Emperor Caesar Publius Septimius Geta Augustus, conqueror of Britain)),... for their return fulfilled the vow.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
Altar, 24" x 50", found before 1672 "upon the banks of the Tine" at South Shields. On the back of the altar a vase with stylized flowers; on left side axe and knife; on right jug and patera. Dis Conseruato/rib(us) pro salu(te) / imp(eratoris) C(aesaris) M(arci) Aurel(i)/ Antonini / Aug(usti) Brit(annici) Max(imi) / ((et imp(eratoris) C(aesaris) P(ubli) Sep(timi) / Getae Aug(usti) Brit(annici) /...))rens / ob reditu(m) / u(otum) s(oluit) To the gods the Preservers for the welfare of the Emperor Caesar Marcus Aurelius Antoninus Augustus, Most Great Conqueror of Britain, ((and of the Emperor Caesar Publius Septimius Geta Augustus, conqueror of Britain)),... for their return fulfilled the vow.
Site Name
South Shields vicus, Roman altar
Site Type: Specific
Altar
HER Number
893
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 893 >> R.G. Collingwood, 1923, An Altar from South Shields, now at Oxford, Archaeologia Aeliana, 3, XX, 55-62
R.G. Collingwood & R.P. Wright, 1965, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, 1054
E.J. Phillips, 1977, Great Britain, Corpus Signorum Imperii Romani, Vol. I Fasc. I no. 182
P.T. Bidwell, 1988, The Civilian Settlement...of the Roman Fort at South Shields, No. 36
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
2021
English, British
Class
Monument <By Form>
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
Crossref
891
DAY1
08
District
S Tyneside
Easting
436500
Grid ref figure
8
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 36 NE 7
Northing
567730
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
South Shields
Description
Altar, 16 inches x 34 inches, found in 1895 at the junction of Trajan Street and Baring Street, about 100 yards south of the south-west angle of the fort... On back a bird; on right side patera; on left jug. Its n inscription reads: Deae Bri/gantiae / Sacrum / Congenn(i)c/cus u(otum) s(oluit) l(ibens) m(erito) Sacred to the goddess Brigantia; Congeniccus willingly and deservedly fulfilled his vow.
Site Type: Broad
Findspot
SITEDESC
"Altar, 16" x 34", found in 1895 at the junction of Trajan Street and Baring Street, about 100 yds south of the south-west angle of the fort... On back a bird; on right side patera; on left jug". Deae Bri/gantiae / Sacrum / Congenn(i)c/cus u(otum) s(oluit) l(ibens) m(erito) Sacred to the goddess Brigantia: Congeniccus willingly and deservedly fulfilled his vow.
Site Name
South Shields vicus, Roman altar
Site Type: Specific
Altar
HER Number
892
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 892 >> R. Blair, 1895, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries, 2, XV, 404
R. Blair, 1897, A newly discovered Roman altar at South Shields,Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 2, VII (for 1895-6), 44-46
R.G. Collingwood & R.P. Wright, 1965, The Roman Inscriptions of Britain, 1053
E.J. Phillips, 1977, Great Britain, Corpus Signorum Imperii Romani, Vol. I Fasc. I no. 233
P.T. Bidwell, 1988, The Civilian Settlement...of the Roman Fort at South Shields, No. 3
YEAR1
1992
English, British
Class
Domestic
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Clare Henderson
Crossref
892,903
DAY1
07
DAY2
23
District
S Tyneside
Easting
436357
Grid ref figure
10
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
567762
General Period
ROMAN
Specific Period
Roman 43 to 410
Place
South Shields
Description
The vicus settlement and its cemeteries appear to have been very considerable in extent - some 25 ha. (60 acres). Buildings have been recorded on all four sides of the fort, a road or roads close to or parallel with Baring Street, and finds such as pottery, coins and a quern have been recorded within an area bounded by Mile End Road (to the west), Costain Drive and St.Aidan's Road (to the south), Lawe Road (to the east), Green's Place (to the north). The principal sites and finds appear separately on the HER, and their inclusion is based on a list provided by P. T. Bidwell in 1988. Recent excavation within the stone fort itself has revealed 2 periods of timber buildings, perhaps part of "the vici of earlier forts situated either to the north-east or south-east of the stone fort".
SITEASS
A detailed policy for exploring areas as they become available, and for the recovery of finds etc. from service trenches, was set out by P.T. Bidwell in 1988. Interpretation could be improved with information boards etc.
Site Type: Broad
Settlement
SITEDESC
"The extent of the settlement and its cemeteries appears to have been very considerable", - some 25 ha. (60 acres). Buildings have been recorded on all four sides of the fort, a road or roads close to or parallel with Baring Street, and finds such as pottery, coins and a quern have been recorded within an area bounded by Mile End Road (west), Costain Drive and St. Aidan's Road (south), Lawe Road (east), Green's Place (north). The principal sites and finds appear separately on the SMR, and their inclusion is based on a list provided by P. T. Bidwell in 1988. Recent excavation within the stone fort itself has revealed 2 periods of timber buildings, perhaps part of "the vici of earlier forts situated either to the north-east or south-east of the stone fort". The first timber period has an early Hadrianic t.p.q.
Site Name
South Shields vicus
Site Type: Specific
Vicus
HER Number
891
Form of Evidence
Find
Sources
<< HER 891 >> Rev R.E. Hooppell, 1880, On the...Exploration of Roman Remains at South Shields...1875-6, Transactions Natural History Society Northumberland, Durham and Newcastle-on-Tyne, Vol. VII, pp. 126-67
J.C. Bruce, 1885, On the...discoveries in the Roman Camp on the Lawe, South Shields, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, X,
J. Thornborrow, 1959, Report on Excavations at Beacon Street, South Shields, South Shields Archaeological and Historical Society, Vol. I, no. 7, 8-25
P. Salway, 1965, Frontier People of Roman Britain, 60-66
Monograph J. Dore & J.P. Gillam, 1979, The Roman Fort at South Shields, Society of Antiquaries, 7
P.T. Bidwell, 1988, The Civilian Settlement...of the Roman Fort at South Shields, passim
G.B. Hodgson, 1903, The Borough of South Shields, pp. 12-13
D.R. Wilson ed. 1974, Roman Britain in 1973, Britannia, 5, p. 507
T.G. Newman 1974, South Shields, Co. Durham, Council British Archaeology 3, Archaeological Newsbulletin, No. 7, May 1974, p. 6
P. Bidwell in C.M. Daniels, ed. 1989, The Eleventh Pilgrimage of Hadrian's Wall, South Shields, Arbeia, 83-4
SURVIVAL
40-59%
YEAR1
1992
YEAR2
2021
English, British
Class
Agriculture and Subsistence
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
03
District
S Tyneside
Easting
437000
Grid ref figure
4
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
12
Grid Reference
NZ
Northing
566000
General Period
MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Medieval 1066 to 1540
Place
Westoe
Description
To assist them in their reconstruction of the church of Jarrow, Bishop Walcher gave Aldwin et al. in the late 11th century the vill of Gyrvum and its appendages, which included Westoe. How soon the prior and convent of Durham established the manor is not clear, though there is reference to a camera in 1264. There are numerous 14th century and a few 15th century references to buildings: hall(s), chapel, camera(s), solar, kitchen, bakehouse, grange(s), granary, byre, cowhouse, stable, sheeppen, piggery, limekiln and gatehouse. Its location is perhaps at the east end, and the east end of the south side of the village, where a hall and the site of an "ancient chapel" are shown on a map of 1768. Fielding appears to favour this, suggesting "Manor House and Westoe Farm", but could not trace the succession of tenants after the manor was divided in Post Medieval times.
SITEASS
Further documentary research required.
Site Type: Broad
Manor
SITEDESC
To assist them in their reconstruction of the church of Jarrow, Bishop Walcher gave Aldwin et al. in the late C11 the vill of Gyrvum and its appendages, which included Westoe. How soon the prior and convent of Durham established the manor is not clear, though there is reference to a camera in 1264. Numerous C14 and a few C15 references to buildings: hall(s), chapel, camera(s), solar, kitchen, bakehouse, grange(s), granary, byre, cowhouse, stable, sheeppen, piggery, limekiln, gatehouse. Location - perhaps the east end, and the east end of the south side of the village, where a hall and the site of an "ancient chapel" are shown on a map of 1768. Fielding appears to favour this, suggesting "Manor House and Westoe Farm", but could not trace the succession of tenants after the manor was divided in Post Medieval times. Dated C13-16th.
Site Name
Westoe manor
Site Type: Specific
Manor
HER Number
890
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 890 >> The College Durham Dean and Chapter MSS, medieval Westoe, manorial accounts - Durham University Special Collections 5
The College Durham Dean and Chapter MSS, Halmote Books II -Durham University Special Collections 5
W. Greenwell, ed. 1871, Feodarium Prioratus Dunelmensis, Surtees Society, 58, passim
The College Church Commission, 1768, Plan of...Westoe and Harton, CC 13668 -Durham University Special Collections 5
J. Fielding, 1980, A Study of the Buildings on the Bursar's Manors of Durham Cathedral Priory, Durham University Unpublished M.A. thesis, passim
YEAR1
1992
English, British
Class
Religious Ritual and Funerary
COMP1
Barbara Harbottle
COMP2
Barbara Harbottle
DAY1
03
DAY2
23
District
S Tyneside
Easting
435800
Grid ref figure
6
Map Sheet
NZ36NE
MONTH1
12
MONTH2
3
Grid Reference
NZ
NMRNUMBER
NZ 36 NE 9
Northing
566400
General Period
POST MEDIEVAL
Specific Period
Stuart 1603 to 1714
Place
South Shields
Description
The Quaker Burial Ground at South Shields was situated in Robert Linton's garden. The first recorded burial was in 1673, the last in 1697. Though Phillips does not locate this cemetery, Hodgson states that Linton's house was in West Pans Way, "now Laygate Lane", and the Ordnance Survey quotes the South Shields musuem curator as saying the burial ground was situated west of the present Trinity Church in Commercial Road.
SITEASS
Try to locate more precisely.
Site Type: Broad
Cemetery
SITEDESC
The Quaker Burial Ground at South Shields was situated in Robert Linton's garden. The first recorded burial was in 1673, the last in 1697. Though Phillips does not locate this cemetery, Hodgson states that Linton's house was in West Pans Way, "now Laygate Lane", and the OS quotes the South Shields museum curator as saying the burial ground was situated west of the present Trinity Church in Commercial Road.
Site Name
Quaker Burial Ground
Site Type: Specific
Friends Burial Ground
HER Number
889
Form of Evidence
Documentary Evidence
Sources
<< HER 889 >> M. Phillips, 1894, Notes on some forgotten Burying Grounds of the Society of Friends, Archaeologia Aeliana, 2, XVI, 202-206
Ordnance Survey archaeological record cards, JHO, 1952, Medieval quaker burial ground (site)
G.B. Hodgson, 1903, The Borough of South Shields, 97-8
M. Phillips, 1917, Additional isolated burials, Proceedings of the Society of Antiquaries of Newcastle, 3, VII (for 1915-16), p. 179